Light And Color In The Art Painting.
What does color represent from the point of view of physics and how this knowledge is applied in fine arts practice?
All variety of world around we see thanks to the light and sight. Various heated objects – the sun, lamp filament, the heated metal, gases, oil lamp flame, fire etc., which are named light primary sources, radiate the light. The structure of light shining various subjects, appreciably influences on visible by the person color of these subjects.
Under the influence of light waves, with fluctuations of different frequency, the person has various light and color sensations. Light extends waves of certain length. The length of wave is distance on which extends fluctuation for one period, i.e. for time necessary for one full wave. The length of light wave is designated by the Greek letter λ, and measured in micrometers. (Micron).
The visible spectrum, i.e. the waveband perceived by the person, is limited by waves in length approximately 396-760 microns. Some researchers consider that the eye of the person is capable to feel light beams in limits of 802-950 microns, however sensitivity of eye to extreme visible beams in hundreds times are less, than to light beams with length of wave 396-760 microns.
Direct light of primary sources (the Sun, etc.) falls on surrounding subjects and the objects, thus opaque subjects absorb part of beams, and reflect part of them. Color of opaque subject is defined by light, which from it is reflected. At transparent subjects or having in the structure gleams or micropores (for example, fabrics) part of beams is reflected, part is absorbed also the part is passed. As a result, all subjects and objects become source of reflected light, and enough considerable, as for example, the Moon, the Earth, heavenly bodies, etc.
Thus, all subjects and objects in the nature are illuminated by both direct, and reflected light.
Newton has formulated for the first time thought on difficult structure of white sunlight. If to put glass of trihedral prism on way of solar beam, instead of white light beam there will be color strip from the various colors, named spectrum. Colors in spectrum settle down in certain order: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and dark blue, violet. Each color gradually, without sharp borders, by means of set of intermediate colors passes in other color. The same pure, bright, spectral colors can be seen in rainbow.
The colors that differ by different chromaticity (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, dark blue, violet) are named chromatic (color).
In spectrum there are no white, grey colors, and also black color. These colors, which are absent in spectrum, it is possible to distinguish only on lightness. Group of white, grey and black colors are named achromatic (colorless).
Chromatic colors differ from each other to three signs: to color tone, saturation and lightness.
Learn more about colors and your paintings will become better! Good luck!
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