Abstractionism Is Always Very Popular Among Fans Of Art.
Abstractionism (from Latin. abstractus – distracted) – rather wide direction in art of XX century, arisen in the beginning of 1910 in the several countries of Europe and it used exclusively formal elements – a line, a color stain, an abstract configuration – for creation of products. Founders of abstractionism – Russian artists Wassily Kandinsky and Kazimir Malevich, Dutch Piet Mondrian, Frenchman Rober Delon and a Czech of Frantishek Kupka – in the creativity based, as a rule, on the mystical ideas taken from theosophic doctrine. The method of abstract constructions is based on the aspiration to express internal laws symbolically and intuitively comprehended to the essence, hidden for the occurring phenomena of the visible world. Thus backbone forms were interpreted by Kandinsky, Malevich and Mondrian as the certain picturesque signs allocated with the initial spiritual maintenance, and the plastic formulas organized from such signs, – as relations between universe elements. Created abstract picturesque constructions were thought and as projections of structures of a space world order, and as projects of an ideal peace arrangement social, and as basic schemes of the organization of the spatial and subject environment surrounding the person.
From the moment of abstractionism occurrence it were accurately defined two directions in it: the geometrical abstraction based mainly on accurately outlined configurations (Malevich, Mondrian), and lyrical abstraction in which the composition is organized from freely current forms (Kandinsky). If the symbolics of geometrical abstractionism urged to reflect certain steady substantive conditions, so abstraction of Kandinsky and his followers, filled with pulsing forms, difficult rhythms and flickering color, concentrate attention on dynamics of process. After the Second World War aesthetic concepts of abstractionism lose the metaphysical symbolics: the abstract form corresponds now only with displays of the nature and the social world or is considered as fixing of mental conditions of the artist. Last circumstance has transformed concept “abstractionism” into an ordinary symbol of formalism in various spheres of art.
The abstractionism – the extreme form of a modernism, has arisen as a challenge to society and as consecutive destruction of the real image reflecting the world by habitual means. It is possible to tell that the abstractionism has arisen on fragments of cubism, futurism and some other modernist currents reached the decline. W. Kandinsky, K. Malevich, P. Klee, V. Tatlin, M. Larionov, R. Delon, P. Mondrian, etc. were at the beginnings of abstractionism.
They, confirming value subconscious, considered creative process as immersing in the world of intuitive movements of soul, automatic transfer of the sensations. They recognized that connection of art with forms of a life already has settled and the person is not capable to realize the world, and furthermore is not capable to embody it in plastic images owing to variety of the new world. Means of display of a vague subconscious image can be different: from classical paints and a canvas to a stone, a wire, dust, pipes, etc. The main thing in abstractionism – a combination of colors, lines, stains, the strokes that have lost contact with a natural and social reality. This is pointless and shapeless art.
Early (1920 – 1930) abstractionism has received a wide spreading in architecture and an applied art.
Late (post-war years) abstractionism is presented in three streams:
1) Expressional painting and a drawing (a free, spontaneous combination of lines and stains);
2) Surrealism (gravitation to mysteriousness, magic, dreadful psychological visions, crazy associations, absurd connection of various subjects and images), which is most full presented in creativity of S. Dali and R. Mogritt;
3) Abstract-geometric art (just decorative decisions, an abstract sculpture from various kinds of metal with application of modern means of its processing). The abstractionism has received the fullest development in the USA.
Enjoy abstract art!
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